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Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga, AP Photo

Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga

Aiko Herzig-Yoshinaga uncovered documents proving the U.S. government knowingly lied about the need to incarcerate Japanese Americans. Her discovery became the foundation for a historic apology and redress.

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Officers assist Jim Kawaminami to stop Lillian Baker from trying to take his papers and the redress hearings, Los Angeles, 1981, credit Densho Encyclopedia

CWRIC Hearings

In 1981, Japanese Americans broke decades of silence during the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians hearings. Their public testimony turned private pain into national awareness and helped lead to redress.

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The barracks at Tule Lake Segregation Center, credit NARA via Densho

Tule Lake Segregation Center

At Tule Lake, resistance became a crime. More than 18,000 Japanese Americans were confined there, many labeled “disloyal” simply for demanding their rights. The camp became a symbol of defiance, fear, and the price of dissent in wartime America.

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Bob Fletcher on the 40 acre Nitta Farm he operated throughout the war

Bob Emmett Fletcher

During World War II, as Japanese American farmers were forced from their land, a young white agricultural inspector named Bob Fletcher chose to stand by them. He quit his job, worked three farms, paid their taxes, and refused to profit from their loss.

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Norman Mineta and Alan Simpson. Photo by Bill O'Leary

Mineta-Simpson Institute

Norman Mineta and Alan Simpson met as boys during World War II, one inside, the other outside the incarceration camp. Their lifelong friendship inspired the Mineta-Simpson Institute, which promotes civics education and the lessons of tolerance born from that history.

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Secretary Norman Y. Mineta receiving the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President George W. Bush, December 15, 2006

Norman Mineta

Norman Mineta survived incarceration at Heart Mountain, became the first Asian American cabinet secretary, and helped ensure history did not repeat itself after 9/11.

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General John DeWitt

DeWitt’s Final Report

In 1943, General John L. DeWitt released his Final Report on Japanese Evacuation to justify the mass removal of Japanese Americans from the West Coast. Decades later, investigators revealed it was built on lies and evidence was suppressed to defend racism as policy.

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President Truman walks past members of the 442nd Regimental Combat Team as they stand at attention on the Ellipse, Washington DC, July 14, 1946

442nd Regimental Combat Team

Activated on July 15, 1943, the 442nd Regimental Combat Team overcame prejudice at home and the enemy abroad to become the most decorated unit for its size and length of service in U.S. military history.

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