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Hoodlums pelting Chinese immigrants on their arrival at San Francisco, c1870s

Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

They called it the Chinese Exclusion Act. In 1882, the United States banned Chinese laborers from entering the country and denied them citizenship, making racial exclusion a matter of federal law.

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522nd Field Artillery Battalion at the Eagle's Nest, Kehlsteinhaus, Germany, credit Densho

Dachau Death March

Japanese American soldiers helped halt the Dachau Death March in 1945, liberating prisoners in Nazi Germany while their own families were imprisoned in the United States.

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Jeanie Jew on CSPAN-enhanced

Jeanie Jew

Who started AAPI Heritage Month? The answer traces back to Jeanie Jew, a Capitol Hill staffer who refused to let Asian Americans remain invisible. In 1977, her advocacy sparked the first Asian Pacific American Heritage Week, the foundation of today’s AAPI Heritage Month.

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Iwao Takamoto in his creative space

Iwao Takamoto

Iwao Takamoto, the animator behind Scooby-Doo, was incarcerated at Manzanar as a teenager during World War II. His story connects one of America’s most beloved cartoons to the history of Japanese American incarceration.

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A mug shot of Otokichi Ozaki, credit National Archives

Otokichi Ozaki

In 1917, Otokichi Ozaki arrived in Hawaii as a teacher, eager to build a new life. But after Pearl Harbor, he was arrested by the FBI as a suspected spy, without evidence. He was separated from his family and imprisoned in eight different camps before finally reuniting with them years later.

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Eleanor Roosevelt, accompanied by Dillon Myer, National Director of the War Relocation Authority, visit the Gila River Relocation Center, April 23, 1943

Eleanor Roosevelt

It was unusual for a white woman to visit the incarceration camp. Particularly since it was her husband who put them there.

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Arthur Komori getting sworn in as a member of the Corps of Intelligence Police of the U.S. Army, March 13, 1941, Honolulu

Arthur Komori

Months before Pearl Harbor, Arthur S. Komori was sent to the Philippines as an undercover Army intelligence officer. When war began, he was arrested by his own allies, then reinstated to serve in the Military Intelligence Service.

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Ruins on Kearney + Sacramento, 1906, credit Bushnell Foto Co.

1906 San Francisco Earthquake

After the 1906 San Francisco earthquake, city officials used the crisis to push Japanese Americans out of valuable neighborhoods, reshaping the city’s geography through policy as much as destruction.

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Roy Takeno and others reading the Manzanar Free Press in front of the office, 1943, photo by Ansel Adams, credit Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division

Manzanar Free Press

It was called the “Free” Press, even though none of them were. On April 11, 1942, incarcerated Japanese Americans at Manzanar published the first issue of a newspaper that kept the community informed, connected, and quietly resistant behind barbed wire.

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